"Bidrohi Kavi" Kazi Nazrul Islam is considered to be the bridge between the Anti-Romantic Period and the Modern Period of Poetry. Poets such as Mohitlal Majumder, Kazi Nazrul Islam and Jatindranath Sengupta beginning contributed to this period. The death of Rabindranath Tagore is often considered to be the end of Classical Poetry and the start of Modern Poetry.Īt the beginning of the twentieth century, there was a new change in Bengali style of poetry, with poets adopting an even liberal style of poetry, bringing an end to Bengali Romanticism. The contemporary poets of the Rabindric era were Satyendranath Dutta, Kamini Ray, Updendrakishore Raychowdhury, Sukumar Ray, Jatindra Mohan Bagchi among others. His impact on Bengali Literature is so immense that all Bengali Literature during his lifetime is known as the "Rabindric Era", after his name. His songs "Jana Gana Mana" and "Amar Sonar Bangla" are the National Anthems of India and Bangladesh respectively. He composed over two-thousand songs - which are known as "Rabindra Sangeet" and they are popular in West Bengal and Bangladesh even today. He broke down the old custom of writing in "Sadhu" language in poetry and introduced an aspect of poetry which had more freedom to the poet. He contributed to every branch of Bengali Literature including poetry. Kabiguru Rabindranath Tagore (1861-1941) was arguably the most revolutionary poets of Bengali Literature. Biharilal Chakraborty (1835-1894) who was a romantic and lyric poet of European style also contributed to the shift.
Bengali writers free#
Michael Madhusudan Dutt (1824-1873) broke the medieval paradigm and Bengali poetry entered free verse - he is especially popular for his Bengali sonnets. The poets who built the bridge between the Middle and Modern Ages is the poet of the Ages: Ishwar Chandra Gupta (1812-1859), he is also regarded as the Father of the Modern Bengali Language. The 18th-century two brilliant Shakta bhakti court poets were Bharatchandra Ray and Ramprasad Sen. Famous poets of Mangal Kavya are Kanahari Dutt, Narayan Dev, Vijaygupta, Bipradas Piplai, Madhav Acharya, Mukundaram Chakraborty, Ghanram Chakraborty, Srishyam Pandit, Bharat Chandra Roy Gunakar, Khemananda, Ketka Das Khemananda, Dwij Madhav, Adi Rupram, Manik Ram, Mayur Bhatt, Khelaram, Rupram, Sitaram Das, Shyamj. Syed Sultan, Harhari Sarkar, Fateh Paramananda, Ghanshyam Das, Gayas Khan, Alaol, Deen Chandidas, Chandrashekhar, Haridas, Shivram, Karam Ali, Pir Muhammad, Hiramani, Bhavananda. The 24 major Charyapadas were by Lui Pa, Kukkuripa, Biruapa, Gundaripa, Chatilpa, Bhusuk Pa, Kahnpad, Kambalambarpa, Dombipa, Shantipa, Mahittapa, Veenapa, Sarhapa, Shabar Pa, Azdebpa, Dhenpana, Dankapa, Darikpa Dhampa, Tantipa, Laridombipa.ġ200-1350 AD of Bengali literature has been marked as the "dark age of Bengali Literature." During this time Srikrishnakirtan was composed by Baduchandidas.The other remarkable poets of Vaishnava literature of this era were Vidyapati, Jnandas, Govindadas, Yashoraj Khan, Chandkaji, Ramchandra Basu, Balram Das, Narhari Das, Vrindavan Das, Basudavas, Bansibad. The composers of these hymns, composed between the tenth and twelfth centuries AD, were easily Buddhist Siddhacharyas. It is also the oldest work in the neo-Indian Aryan language. Ancient and Medieval Era Ĭharyapad is the oldest poetry and literary specimen of Bengali language. The works mixed Bengali folk poetry with Perso-Arabian stories and themes, and are considered an important part of the Muslim culture of Bengal. Well-known poems of include Zainab's Chautisha by Sheikh Faizullah, Maqtul Husayn by Mohammad Khan and Qasim-er Lodai O Fatima-r Surotnama by Sherbaz.
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Muslim Sufis and soldiers introduced this form of poetry in the Bengali language to the masses in Bengal and Arakan. Both janganama and marsiya literature first developed in Arabia and later Persia. Works relating to Karbala were called marsiya (meaning 'grief' in Arabic) literature. Jongonamas were generally elegiac in tone. Many jongonamas, puthis based on battles, were written during this time.
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Shah Gharibullah was said to have initiated this puthi trend with his epic "Amir Hamza". The medieval period marked the introduction of puthis, which played an important role in Muslim life and brought much Persian and Arabic influence to the poetic lexicon. It was antagonistic towards Vedic rituals and laws as opposed to the sahajaya traditions of the poets themselves - who were mainly Buddhist sages.
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Poetry in the colloquial dialect of Bengal first originated from Prakrit, and based upon local socio-cultural traditions. Bankim Chandra Chatterjee's poem Vande Mataram is the national song of India and Rabindranath Tagore's Jana Gana Mana is the National anthem of India, both poems were originally written in Bengali-language